Indiana Jones is a fictional bullwhip-toting, fedora-wearing
archaeologist with an overdeveloped ophidiophobia (fear
of snakes). He first appeared in a series of films produced
by George Lucas and directed by Steven Spielberg in
the 1980s.Jones was originally portrayed by Harrison
Ford in Raiders of the Lost Ark. Younger versions of
the character were also played by River Phoenix (in
Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade), and by Corey Carrier
and Sean Patrick Flanery (in The Young Indiana Jones
Chronicles). An older version (93) of Jones, played
by George Hall, also appeared in The Young Indiana Jones
Chronicles.
Indiana Jones is also the general
name given to the series as a whole, which is comprised
of three films, a TV series, various novels, comics,
video games, and other media. A fourth film has also
been announced for a likely 2007 release.
Biography
Indiana Jones was born Henry Jones Jr. to Scottish-born
Professor of Medieval literature, Dr. Henry Jones
Sr. (played by Lloyd Owen in the TV series and by
Sean Connery in the films), and his wife Anna on July
1, 1899, in Princeton, New Jersey. "Junior"
accompanied his father on his travels throughout Europe,
where he learned to speak, read, and write 27 languages,
including French, German, Italian, Spanish, Russian,
Swedish, Greek, Arabic, Turkish, Vietnamese, Swahili,
Latin and Chinese, as well as some Hindi, apart from
English. Although his father called him "Junior,"
Henry Jr. adopted the name of his beloved dog Indiana
for himself, insisting he be referred to as Indiana
Jones. It is not known for sure when he first did
this, except that he was referred to as Indiana during
childhood by his peers.
In 1912, Indy was living in Utah and
was a member of the Boy Scouts with the rank of Life
Scout. It was here, while attempting to secure the
Cross of Coronado from thieves, Indy first learned
to use the bullwhip and received his trademark fedora.
This was also the time when he first developed his
aversion to snakes.
His father wanted Indiana to go to
Princeton University. To escape this, he ran away
from home by train. He ended up in Mexico and was
kidnapped by Mexican revolutionaries. He joined this
army of revolutionaries, playing a part in the Mexican
Revolution in 1916, under Pancho Villa. It is here
that he also met his friend Remy, a Belgian. With
Remy, he left Mexico and eventually made his way to
Africa at the beginning of World War I.
He and Remy intended to join the Belgian
Army, but Jones' inability to read maps properly caused
him to lose his intended unit, and he instead fought
along side a team of old men under the British Army.
Among missions (depicted in the television series),
the team destroyed a giant cannon mounted on a train,
and they kidnapped the (real-life) German military
genius Paul Erich von Lettow-Vorbeck in a balloon,
but they were forced to release him.
Eventually Jones joined the Belgian
army with Remy, Jones was commissioned as a lieutenant,
and in 1916 and participated in the Western Front.
He was taken prisoner by the Germans, escaped, encountered
Mata Hari, worked as an intelligence officer, took
ill, and was treated by Albert Schweitzer. Jones vied
with Ernest Hemingway for the affections of a young
nurse and worked as a translator for the Treaty of
Versailles, seeing the war come to its conclusion
but laying down the groundwork for a second conflict.
Sometime after the war, Jones returned
to the United States, where he studied archaeology
at the University of Chicago under Professor Abner
Ravenwood. At the same time, he became romantically
involved with the Professor's daughter Marion.
Dr. Jones abruptly left the Ravenwoods
in 1926 and did not contact them for 10 years. He
divided his time between teaching and archaeological
expeditions, including a journey to China and India
in 1935 where he faced the gangster Lao Che and the
followers of the cult of Kali (Temple of Doom). In
1936, he was contacted by the United States government
to retrieve the Ark of the Covenant before the Nazis
(Raiders of the Lost Ark). He continued to take on
infrequent missions for the government over the ensuing
years. In 1938, Indy rescued his father from the Nazis
and became embroiled in the search for the Holy Grail
(Last Crusade). His life during the World War II is
unknown, but in 1947 he was deceived by the recently
born CIA to search the mechanism of the Babylonian
Infernal Machine, in confrontation with a Soviet expedition.
When last seen in 1993, Jones was
living in New York City with his daughter and her
family. Sporting an eyepatch and cane, he was stopping
anyone within earshot to regale them with tales of
his exploits. He seems remarkably spry for a man in
his 90s—whether that is because of his drinking
from the Grail is unknown. It is yet to be chronicled
as to what adventure led Indy to wear an eyepatch.
Appearances
Since his introduction in 1981's Raiders of the Lost
Ark, the character of Indiana Jones has become a cultural
icon for adventure. His popularity has allowed him
to make appearances in three more feature films, a
three-season TV series, dozens of novels, comic books,
and video games, and even had his own amusement park
ride.
The television series, The Young Indiana
Jones Chronicles, aired from 1992 to 1996, with the
17-year-old Indy played by Sean Patrick Flanery, 93-year-old
Indy by George Hall, and 10-year-old Indy by Corey
Carrier. This inspired a number of made-for-TV and
made-for-video movies featuring Flanery as young Indy.
One of the last Young Indiana Jones TV movies featured
a cameo appearance by Harrison Ford, reprising the
role of Indy as a man in his 50s. The show ran for
44 episodes, with each pairing of episodes forming
a feature-length TV film.
The popular trilogy of theatrical
films: Raiders of the Lost Ark, Indiana Jones and
the Temple of Doom, and Indiana Jones and the Last
Crusade, were made from 1981–1989, created by
George Lucas and directed by Steven Spielberg. The
series starred Harrison Ford as Jones. The upcoming
fourth Indiana Jones movie, once again to star Harrison
Ford, has been in the planning stages for several
years; it is in pre-production and is not expected
to be released until February 2007 at the earliest.
Jim Ward, Vice President of Lucasfilm, has said in
a recent press conference that a new Indiana Jones
video game is expected that same year, around the
time of the movie.
Theatrical films
The Temple of Doom (1984)
Raiders of the Lost Ark (1981)
The Last Crusade (1989)
Indiana Jones 4 (2007) (categorized as "in production")
(unproduced) Originally, George Lucas had signed a
deal with Paramount Pictures for four theatrical sequels
to Raiders of the Lost Ark. After the first three,
Raiders of the Lost Ark, Indiana Jones and the Temple
of Doom, and Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade, Lucas
announced he was finished with the theatrical films,
leaving two of his promised sequels unmade. He now
has announced his work on the third sequel, Indiana
Jones IV. He now denies plans for a fourth sequel,
claiming he never intended to do beyond three, but
that the fourth film was "a brilliant idea he
had." In saying he had a deal for four sequels,
one could also speculate that he might not have counted
The Temple of Doom as a sequel, and instead a prequel,
which it was. This would leave room open for yet another
sequel that is yet to be produced. Chapter 28: (unproduced)
Based on the fact that The Temple of Doom could be
counted as a prequel, rather than a sequel.
Novels
Apart from novel adaptations of the movies, and several
Young Indiana Jones episodes, there is also a series
of original paperback novels about the adventures
of Indiana Jones, and another series of novels about
Young Indiana Jones for younger readers. In Germany,
there was a series of adult novels by author Wolfgang
Hohlbein, and in France a Young Indiana Jones series
by Joseph Jacobs and Richard Beugne. These are only
available in German and French respectively.
Young Indiana Jones Novels by Random House
Young Indiana Jones' Titanic Adventure -
by Les Martin
Young Indiana Jones and the Pirates Loot - by J. N.
Fox
Young Indiana Jones and the Lost Gold of Durango -
by Megan Stine and H. William Stine
Young Indiana Jones and the Plantation Treasure -
by William McCay
Young Indiana Jones and the Tomb of Terror - by Les
Martin
Young Indiana Jones and the Princess of Peril - by
Les Martin
Young Indiana Jones and the Ghostly Riders - by William
McCay
Young Indiana Jones and the Circle of Death - by William
McCay
Young Indiana Jones and the Journey to the Underworld
- by Megan Stine and H. William Stine
Young Indiana Jones and the Curse of the Ruby Cross
- by William McCay
Young Indiana Jones and the Gypsy Revenge - by Les
Martin
Young Indiana Jones and the Secret City - by Les Martin
Young Indiana Jones and the Mountain of Fire - by
William McCay
Young Indiana Jones and the Face of the Dragon - by
William McCay
Young Indiana Jones and the Eye of the Tiger - by
William McCay
Young Indiana Jones Novels by Ballantine Books
The Mata Hari Affair - by James Luceno
Indiana Jones Adult Novels by Bantam Books
Indiana Jones and the Peril at Delphi - by Rob MacGregor
Indiana Jones and the Unicorn's Legacy - by Rob MacGregor
Indiana Jones and the Dance of the Giants - by Rob
MacGregor
Indiana Jones and the Seven Veils - by Rob MacGregor
Indiana Jones and the Genesis Deluge - by Rob MacGregor
Indiana Jones and the Interior World - by Rob MacGregor
Indiana Jones and the Sky Pirates - by Martin Caidin
Indiana Jones and the White Witch - by Martin Caidin
Indiana Jones and the Philosopher's Stone - by Max
McCoy
Indiana Jones and the Dinosaur Eggs - by Max McCoy
Indiana Jones and the Hollow Earth - by Max McCoy
Indiana Jones and the Secret of the Sphinx - by Max
McCoy
German novels by Goldmann Verlag
Indiana Jones und das Schiff der Götter (Indiana
Jones And The Ship Of The Gods) - by Wolfgang Hohlbein
Indiana Jones und die Gefiederte Schlange (Indiana
Jones And The Feathered Snake) - by Wolfgang Hohlbein
Indiana Jones und das Gold von El Dorado (Indiana
Jones And The Gold Of El Dorado) - by Wolfgang Hohlbein
Indiana Jones und das verschwundene Volk (Indiana
Jones And The Vanished People) - by Wolfgang Hohlbein
Indiana Jones und das Schwert des Dschingis Khan (Indiana
Jones And The Sword of Genghis Khan) - by Wolfgang
Hohlbein
Indiana Jones und das Geheimnis der Osterinseln (Indiana
Jones And The Secret Of Easter Island) - by Wolfgang
Hohlbein
Indiana Jones und das Labyrinth des Horus (Indiana
Jones And The Labyrinth Of Horus) - by Wolfgang Hohlbein
Indiana Jones und das Erbe von Avalon (Indiana Jones
And The Legacy Of Avalon) - by Wolfgang Hohlbein
Find Your Fate Adventure Books by Ballantine Books
Indiana Jones and the Curse of Horror Island - by
R. L. Stine
Indiana Jones and the Giants of the Silver Tower -
by R. L. Stine
Indiana Jones and the Cult of the Mummy's Crypt -
by R. L. Stine
Indiana Jones and the Cup of the Vampire - by Andrew
Helfer
Indiana Jones and the Legion of Death - by Richard
Wenk
Indiana Jones and the Eye of the Fates - by Richard
Wenk
Indiana Jones and the Dragon of Vengeance - by Megan
Stine
Indiana Jones and the Lost Treasure of Sheba - by
Rose Estes
Indiana Jones and the Gold of Genghis Khan - by Ellen
Weiss
Indiana Jones and the Ape Slaves of Howling Island
- by R. L. Stine
Rides
In 1995, Disneyland opened a ride called Indiana Jones
Adventure, based on the franchise and set in the "Temple
of the Forbidden Eye"; Tokyo Disne ySea has a
similar attraction, set in the "Temple of the
Crystal Skull". Disney-MGM Studios features a
stunt show called "Indiana Jones Epic Stunt Spectacular".
Also, Disneyland Paris has a rollercoaster called
"Indiana Jones and the Temple of Peril".
Pinball
Indiana Jones: The Pinball Adventure (1993, Williams),
designed by Mark Ritchie, is a widebody pinball game
that features sound clips from all three theatrical
films, and features 12 different stages (four stages
each based on different scenes from the movies, including
three video modes). If you complete all 12 stages,
you will enter the game's "Wizard Mode",
called Eternal Life.This was
the first game to use Williams/Midway's DCS Sound
System, with the music composed by Chris Granner.
source from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki
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